箱式變電站是一種集(ji)變壓(ya)器、開(kai)關設備(bei)、控(kong)(kong)制設備(bei)和(he)(he)其他輔助設備(bei)于一體的小(xiao)型變電站，具有(you)體積小(xiao)、結構(gou)緊(jin)湊、運輸(shu)方便等特點(dian)。其主(zhu)要(yao)原理是將高(gao)壓(ya)電能轉(zhuan)換為低壓(ya)電能，并(bing)通過開(kai)關設備(bei)和(he)(he)控(kong)(kong)制設備(bei)進行電力配(pei)電和(he)(he)保護。

箱(xiang)式變電站的主要原(yuan)理如下：

1. 變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)原理：箱式變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站內部配備變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)，主要(yao)功(gong)能(neng)是將進入(ru)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站的(de)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為所需要(yao)的(de)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)。變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)由高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組和(he)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組組成，通過磁感應原理將高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)。變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)還可以承擔(dan)電(dian)(dian)力(li)配電(dian)(dian)和(he)保護的(de)功(gong)能(neng)。

2. 開(kai)關(guan)(guan)設(she)備原理：箱式變電站內部(bu)配備開(kai)關(guan)(guan)設(she)備，主要(yao)功能(neng)是(shi)實(shi)現電路的(de)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)控(kong)(kong)制，包括開(kai)關(guan)(guan)的(de)合閘和分閘操作。開(kai)關(guan)(guan)設(she)備采用可靠(kao)的(de)機械結構和電氣控(kong)(kong)制系統，通過控(kong)(kong)制開(kai)關(guan)(guan)的(de)操作，實(shi)現電力系統的(de)投入和斷開(kai)。

3. 控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設備(bei)(bei)原(yuan)理(li)：箱(xiang)式變電站內部配備(bei)(bei)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設備(bei)(bei)，主要功(gong)能是對(dui)電力(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)進行(xing)監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)和(he)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設備(bei)(bei)可(ke)以(yi)實(shi)現對(dui)變電站各個設備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)狀態檢測和(he)報警，以(yi)及對(dui)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)遠程監(jian)控(kong)(kong)(kong)和(he)操作。控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)設備(bei)(bei)還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)實(shi)現對(dui)電力(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)自動化控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)智能化管(guan)理(li)。

4. 輔(fu)助設(she)備(bei)(bei)原(yuan)理：箱式(shi)變電站還配備(bei)(bei)了(le)一(yi)些(xie)其他輔(fu)助設(she)備(bei)(bei)，包(bao)括冷卻(que)裝置(zhi)、通風(feng)裝置(zhi)、照明設(she)備(bei)(bei)等。這(zhe)些(xie)設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)主要功能是保(bao)證箱式(shi)變電站的(de)正常運(yun)行和工作環境(jing)的(de)安全(quan)。

總(zong)之，箱式變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的原理(li)是將進入變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的高壓電(dian)(dian)能通(tong)過(guo)(guo)變(bian)壓器轉(zhuan)換為低壓電(dian)(dian)能，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)開關設(she)備(bei)(bei)和控(kong)制設(she)備(bei)(bei)進行(xing)電(dian)(dian)力配電(dian)(dian)和保護。輔助設(she)備(bei)(bei)則保證變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的正(zheng)常運(yun)行(xing)和工作(zuo)環(huan)境的安全。